Preview

Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity

Advanced search

“The case of detecting the proclamation, interpreting about the need to stop the war”: anti-war revolutionary activity in Omsk in 1914–1917

https://doi.org/10.25206/2542-0488-2025-10-4-26-34

EDN: MFXLBP

Abstract

This publication considers the activities of revolutionaries in Omsk in 1914–1917, which are opponents of the First World War. Despite the extensive number of works in the Soviet and post-Soviet historiography about the Siberian Bolsheviks in the pre-revolutionary years, there is no separate study that completely affects the anti-war activity of the opposition forces. This problem is considered mainly fragmented. The basis for developing, built according to the theoretical formula, combining the anthropological approach and the historical and system method, was the materials of the paperwork of the gendarmerie, identified in the funds of the historical archive of the Omsk region, published and unheated memoirs of members of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. The author concludes that despite various difficulties, opposition from the gendarmerie, Omsk revolutionaries devoted a lot of places in their activities of anti-war agitation, although its scale should not be exaggerated.

About the Author

M. M. Stelmak
Historical Archive of the Omsk Region
Russian Federation

STELMAK Maksim Maksimovich, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Lead Archivist, Center for the Study of the History

Omsk, Irtyshskaya Embankment St., 9, 644024

AuthorID (RSCI): 772229

ResearcherID: R-7418-2018



References

1. Otkrytoe pismo L. Martova k Gustavu Erve [L. Martov open letter to Gustav Erve]. Golos. 1914. September 25. 421 p. (In Russ.).

2. Korotich P. O. Rossiyskiye anarkhisty v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny: ideologiya, organizatsiya, taktika, 1914–1918 gg. [Russian anarchists during the First World War: ideology, organization, tactics, 1914–1918]. Moscow, 2000. 249 p. (In Russ.).

3. Novikov S. V. Sotsial-demokraty i revolyutsionnoye podpol’ye Sibiri (1907–fevral’ 1917 gg.). Istoriografiya vtoroy poloviny 50–80-kh gg. ХХ veka [Social Democrats and the revolutionary underground of Siberia (1907–February 1917). Historiography of the second half of the 50–80s. XX century]. Omsk, 2003. 164 p. (In Russ.).

4. Sorokina O. Yu. Esery v Sibiri v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny (iyul’ 1914–fevral’ 1917 gg.) [Socialist-Revolutionaries in Siberia during the First World War (July 1914–February 1917)]. Omsk, 2006. 182 p. (In Russ.).

5. Shtyrbul A. A. Politicheskaya kul’tura Sibiri: Opyt provintsial’noy mnogopartiynosti (konets XIX–pervaya tret’ XX v.) [Political culture of Siberia: the experience of provincial multi-party science (late XIX–the first third of the XX century]. Omsk, 2008. 612 p. ISBN 978-5-8268-1248-8. EDN: QVMKKP. (In Russ.).

6. Isachkin S. P. Istoriografiya sotsial-demokraticheskoy ssylki v Sibir’ [Historiography of the social democratic link to Siberia]. Omsk, 2018. 168 p. ISBN 978-5-94941-199-5. EDN: YANKTB. (In Russ.).

7. Bukin A. F. Vklad politicheskikh ssyl’nykh v kul’turu Zapadnoy Sibiri (1905–1917) [Contribution of political exiles to the culture of Western Siberia (1905–1917)]. Omsk, 2015. 116 p. ISBN 978-5-8149-2062-1. EDN: VZQUWF (In Russ.).

8. Orueva N. F. Revolyutsionnoye dvizheniye v Omske v period Pervoy mirovoy voyny. Iz istorii partiynykh organizatsiy Zapadnoy Sibiri [Revolutionary movement in Omsk during the First World War. From the history of party organizations of Western Siberia]. Uchenyye Zapiski. Issue 28. Omsk, 1967. P. 81–89. (In Russ.).

9. Khaziakhmetov E. Sh. Bol’sheviki v Narymskoy ssylke [Bolsheviks in Narym exile]. Novosibirsk, 1967. 184 p. (In Russ.).

10. Makarchuk S. V. Sostoyaniye i kharakter sotsialdemokraticheskogo dvizheniya v Omske (1914–fevral’ 1917 gg.). [State and character of the Social Democratic movement in Omsk (1914–February 1917)]. 280 let Omsku: Istoriya i Sovremennost’. Omsk, 1996. P. 81–83. EDN: SAEUST. (In Russ.).

11. Makarchuk S. V. Pervaya mirovaya voyna i sotsialdemokraticheskoye podpol’ye v Tobol’skoy gubernii i Akmolinskoy oblasti [World War I and the social democratic underground in Tobolsk province and Akmola]. Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. 2015. No. 1-1. P. 68–71. EDN: TNKLPB. (In Russ.).

12. Kolesnik E. G., Tarasov M. G. Deyatel’nost’ partii bol’shevikov v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny po vospominaniyam aktivnykh uchastnikov sobytiy (iyul’ 1914–fevral’ 1917 goda) [Activities of the Bolshevik Party during the First World War based on the memoirs of active participants of the events (July 1914–February 1917)]. Krasnoyarsk, 2016. 197 p. ISBN 978-5-7638-3571-7. EDN: YGVVLB. (In Russ.).

13. Stel’mak M. M. “Prizyval slushateley stremit’sya k vozmozhno skoromu prekrashcheniyu voyny”: arest omskogo sotsial-demokrata K. A. Popova v yanvare 1916 g. [“I called on the audience to strive for possible simple cessation of the war”: the arrest of Omsk social-democrat K. A. Popov in January 1916]. Omskiy nauchnyy vestnik. Ser. Obshchestvo. Istoriya. Sovremennost’. Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity. 2023. Vol. 8, no. 2. P. 37–44. DOI: 10.25206/2542-0488-2023-8-2-37-44. EDN: FKPISY. (In Russ.).

14. Stel’mak M. M. Konstantin Andreyevich Popov i poslednyaya provokatsiya omskikh zhandarmov (yanvar’ 1917 goda) [Konstantin Andreevich Popov and the last provocation of the Omsk gendarmes (January 1917)]. Noveyshaya istoriya Rossii. Contemporary History of Russia. 2021. Vol. 11, no. 1. P. 8–27. DOI: 10.21638/11701/spbu24.2021.101. EDN: LONGTK. (In Russ.).

15. Tyutyukin S. V. Voyna, mir, revolyutsiya. Ideynaya bor’ba v rabochem dvizhenii Rossii 1914–1917 gg. [War, peace, revolution. The ideological struggle in the Russian Labor movement of 1914– 1917]. Moscow, 1972. 304 p. (In Russ.).

16. Gosudarstvennyj arhiv Tomskoy oblasti (GATO) [State Archives of the Tomsk Region (SATR)]. File: Р–1677/1/25. (In Russ.).

17. Chertishchev A. V. Politicheskiye partii Rossii i massovoye politicheskoye soznaniye deystvuyushchey Russkoy armii v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny (iyul’ 1914–mart 1918 g.) [Russian political parties and the mass political consciousness of the active Russian Army during the First World War (July 1914–March 1918)]. Moscow, 2007. 791 p. (In Russ.).

18. Kel’ner V. E. Ocherki po istorii izdatel’skoy deyatel’nosti narodnicheskikh i demokraticheskikh partiy i organizatsiy, 1895– 1917 gg. [The first history of the printed and publish Democracy and Liberal parties and organization in the Russia at 1895– 1917]. Saint Petersburg, 2014. 232 p. ISBN 978-5-8192-0482-5. EDN: VJRHOL. (In Russ.).

19. Revolyutsionnoye dvizheniye na territorii Omskoy oblasti. 1907–1917 gg. Dokumenty. Materialy. Khronika [Revolutionary movement in the Omsk region. 1907–1917. Documents. Materials. Chronicle]. Omsk, 1988. 222 p. (In Russ.).

20. Istoricheskiy arkhiv Omskoy oblasti (IAOO) [Historical Archive of the Omsk region (HAOR)]. File: 270/1/433. (In Russ.).

21. IAOO [HAOR]. File: 270/1/545. (In Russ.).

22. Guzeyeva V. T. Sem’ya Shamshinykh [Shamshin family]. Moscow, 1983. 176 p. (In Russ.).

23. Mukhin A. A. Rabochiye Sibiri v epokhu kapitalizma [Workers of Siberia at the capitalism era]. Moscow, 1972. 336 p. (In Russ.).

24. IAOO [HAOR]. File: 270/1/544. (In Russ.).

25. Tolochko A. P., Plotnikov A. E., Rodionov Yu. P. [et al.]. Khronika obshchestvennogo dvizheniya v Sibiri 1895–fevral’ 1917 gg. Kn. 1. Obshchestvennoye dvizheniye v Omske 1895– fevral’ 1917 gg. [Chronicle of the social movement in Siberia 1895– February 1917. Book 1. Social movement in Omsk 1895–February 1917]. Tomsk, 1996. 171 p. EDN: WIJCZX. (In Russ.).

26. Shtyrbul A. A. Eserovskoye dvizheniye v Omske i Srednem Priirtysh’ye: Rozhdeniye. Vzlet. Padeniye. Gibel’ (pervaya chetvert’ XX veka) [Socialist revolutionary movement in Omsk and Irtysh region: Beginning. Prime. Fall. Death (first quarter of the XX century)]. In 2 vol. Omsk, 2021. Vol. 1. 328 p. (In Russ.).

27. Khronika. Omskiy vestnik. 1915. December 11. (In Russ.).

28. IAOO [HAOR]. File: Р–1654/1/129. (In Russ.).

29. Grekov N. V. Russkaya kontrrazvedka v 1905–1917 gg.: shpionomaniya i real’nyye problemy [Russian counterintelligence in 1905–1917: spy scare and real problems]. Moscow, 2000. 356 p. ISBN 5-89554-171-2. (In Russ.).

30. Kostyayev E. V. Otnosheniye sotsial-demokraticheskikh chlenov gruppy «sibirskikh tsimmerval’distov» k Pervoy mirovoy voyne [Relations of the Social-Democratic members of the “Siberian zimmerswaldists” group to the First World War]. SotsialDemokratiya: Revolyutsiya i Evolyutsiya. Omsk, 2003. P. 73–77. EDN: QVLOHP. (In Russ.).

31. IAOO [HAOR]. File: 270/1/439. (In Russ.).

32. IAOO [HAOR]. File: 270/1/88. (In Russ.).

33. Kuruskanova N. P. Nelegal’nyye izdaniya sibirskikh sotsialdemokratov (1901–fevral’ 1917 gg.) [Illegal publications of Siberian Social Democrats (1901–February 1917)]. Omsk, 2002. 188 p. ISBN 5-89764-106-4. EDN: DFDFVM. (In Russ.).

34. Poznanskiy V. S. Sibirskiy krasnyy general [Siberian Red General]. Novosibirsk, 1972. 270 p. (In Russ.).

35. Astashov A. B. Bor’ba za lyudskiye resursy v Pervoy mirovoy voyne: mobilizatsiya prestupnikov v Russkuyu armiyu [Struggle for human resources in the First World War: mobilization of criminals in the Russian army]. Georgiyevskiye Chteniya. Moscow, 2021. P. 217–238. ISBN 978-5-00155-291-8. EDN: QKGKBP. (In Russ.).

36. Smirnov I. N. Nakanune revolyutsii. Iz istorii «Sotsialisticheskogo voyennogo soyuza» [On the eve of the revolution. From the history of the “Socialist Military Union”]. Byloye Sibiri. 1923. No. 2. P. 1–19. (In Russ.).

37. Smirnov I. N. Nakanune revolyutsii. Znamya Revolyutsii. 1917. July 8. (In Russ.).

38. Kosarev V. M. Voyenno-sotsialisticheskiy soyuz [Military Socialist Union]. Sibirskiye Ogni. 1922. No. 1. P. 65–70. (In Russ.).

39. Shilovskiy M. V. Pervaya mirovaya voyna 1914–1918 godov i Sibir’ [First World War of 1914 1918 and Siberia]. Novosibirsk, 2015. 330 p. ISBN 978-5-9906983-3-8. EDN: VKHOIT. (In Russ.).

40. IAOO [HAOR]. File: Р–2200/2/573. (In Russ.).

41. Tarasov Yu. A. Mikhail Kruchinin — chelovek-legenda [Mikhail Kruchinin — legendary man]. Svobodny, 2017. 187 p. ISBN 978-5-600-01860-0. EDN: PPEBST. (In Russ.).

42. Batalov A. N. Bor’ba bol’shevikov za armiyu v Sibiri, 1916– fevral’ 1918 [Bolshevik struggle for the Army in Siberia, 1916– February 1918]. Novosibirsk, 1978. 285 p. (In Russ.).

43. IAOO [HAOR]. File: П–9668/1/295. (In Russ.).

44. Zisserman M. L. Sorok let nazad. V ogne revolyutsii i Grazhdanskoy voyny: vospominaniya uchastnikov [Forty years ago. In the fire of revolution and Civil War: memoirs of the participants]. Omsk, 1959. P. 77–81. (In Russ.).

45. Tovarishch Lobkov: opisaniye ego zhizni i deyatel’nosti [Comrade Lobkov: a description of his life and work]. Omsk, 1925. 38 p. (In Russ.).

46. Samosudov V. M. Polozheniye krest’yanstva i krest’yanskoye dvizheniye v Zapadnoy Sibiri mezhdu dvumya burzhuaznodemokraticheskimi revolyutsiyami v Rossii [The situation of the peasantry and the peasant movement in Western Siberia between two Bourgeois-Democratic revolutions in Russia]. Tomsk, 1964. 273 p. (In Russ.).

47. IAOO [HAOR]. File: Р–2200/2/201. (In Russ.).

48. Omskiye bol’sheviki v period Oktyabr’skoy revolyutsii i uprocheniya Sovetskoy vlasti (mart 1917 g.–may 1918 g.) [Omsk Bolsheviks during the October Revolution and the consolidation of Soviet power (March 1917–May 1918)]. Omsk, 1958. 276 p. (In Russ.).

49. Yagodin-Vinogradov F. G. Desyat’ let nazad [Ten years ago]. Rabochiy Put’. 1927. September 2. (In Russ.).

50. IAOO [HAOR]. File: 270/1/537. (In Russ.).

51. Dan F. I., Tsereteli I. G. Dva puti: izbrannoye [Two ways: favorites]. In 2 vol. Moscow, 2010. Vol. 2. 432 p. EDN: QVMKMD. (In Russ.).

52. Papkov S. A. Rukovodyashchiye kadry Sibiri 1919–1941 gg. [Leading personnel of Siberia in 1919–1941]. Novosibirsk, 2021. 600 p. (In Russ.).

53. Bogdanov G. V., Leonidov L. B., Fedorova T. S. Revolyutsionnoye dvizheniye v armii i na flote v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny (1914–fevral’ 1917) [Revolutionary movement in the Army and Navy during the First World War (1914–February 1917)]. Moscow, 1966. 468 p. (In Russ.).

54. Sredi pechatnikov. Omskiy Vestnik. 1917. December 20. (In Russ.).

55. Stelmak M. M., Petin D. I. Rossiyskaya revolyutsiya: Slovo i Delo [Rets. na kn.: Slova i konflikty: yazyk protivostoyaniya i eskalatsiya Grazhdanskoy voyny v Rossii / pod red. B. I. Kolonitskogo i dr. SPb.: Izd-vo EUSPb, 2022. 328 s. (Epokha voyn i revolyutsiy; vyp. 16)] [Russian revolution: word and deed [Review on: words and conflicts: the language of confrontation and the escalation of the Civil War in Russia. St. Petersburg: EUSP press, 2022. 328 p. (The age of Wars and Revolutions; Vol. 16)]]. Noveyshaya istoriya Rossii. Contemporary History of Russia. 2024. Vol. 14, no. 1. P. 189–201. DOI: 10.21638/spbu24.2024.112. EDN: AAZMSD. (In Russ.).

56. Sobraniye grazhdan. Omskiy vestnik. 1915. June 2. (In Russ.).

57. Povartsov S. N. Omskaya strelka: stat’i, ocherki, zametki [Omsk Strelka: articles, essays, notes]. Omsk, 2003. 204 p. (In Russ.).

58. Shumilova E. E. Povsednevnaya zhizn’ krupnykh gorodov Zapadnoy Sibiri v gody Pervoy mirovoy voyny [Daily life of large cities in Western Siberia during the First World War]. Ekaterinburg, 2020. 178 p. (In Russ.).

59. Gusev A. V. Tri taktiki rossiyskikh sotsialistov v mezhdunarodnykh voynakh [Three strategies of the Russian Socialists in International Wars]. Tsimmerval’dskaya Al’ternativa. Mezhdunarodnoye Sotsialisticheskoye Dvizheniye v Period Pervoy Mirovoy Voyny. Moscow, 2024. P. 14–30. (In Russ.).


Review

For citations:


Stelmak M.M. “The case of detecting the proclamation, interpreting about the need to stop the war”: anti-war revolutionary activity in Omsk in 1914–1917. Omsk Scientific Bulletin. Series Society. History. Modernity. 2025;10(4):26-34. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25206/2542-0488-2025-10-4-26-34. EDN: MFXLBP

Views: 2

JATS XML


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2542-0488 (Print)
ISSN 2541-7983 (Online)